After
1597 the
Este Dukes of Ferrara[?] lost control of
Ferrara itself to the
Papal States. They continued to rule a small state in north-central Italy, however, the
Duchy of Modena. The Duchy continued in existence until 1796, when it became part of
Napoleon Bonaparte's
Cispadane Republic[?]. In
1814 it was restored under the Habsburg grandson of the last Este Duke, continuing until it was annexed by
Piedmont-Sardinia[?] in
1859
- Cesare 1597-1628
- Alfonso III 1628-1644
- Francesco I 1644-1658
- Alfonso IV 1658-1662
- Francesco II 1662-1694
- Rainaldo III 1694-1737
- Francesco III 1737-1780
- Ercole III 1780-1796 (d.1803)
- Francesco IV 1814-1846
- Francesco V 1846-1859 (d.1875)